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用户模式(UML)基本特点

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正常情况下,Linux内核直接和机器的硬件(显示卡,键盘,硬盘等)进行通讯,所有的应用程序或进程都是向内核发出请求,而后有内核完成对硬件的操作,并返回相关信息给应用程序或进程。基本示意如下所示:



                               +-----------+-----------+----+

                               |   进程 1  |   进程 2  | ...|


                               +-----------+-----------+----+

                               |          系 统 内 核       |

                               +----------------------------+

                               |          系 统 硬 件       |

                               +----------------------------+



UML内核和普通的内核时万全不同的。它不是直接和硬件进行通讯的,而是通过和真正的内核(或者可以叫宿主内核,Host Kernel)通讯来完成各种任务。UML的内核实际上是寄存在系统原有内核的上,所以它的操作或崩溃万全不会影响系统原有的系统。基本示意如下所示:




                                           +----------------+

                                           |   进程 2  | ...|

                               +-----------+----------------+

                               |   进程 1  | 用户模式 Linux |

                               +----------------------------+

                               |          系 统 内 核       |


                               +----------------------------+

                               |          系 统 硬 件       |

                               +----------------------------+